| Economy - overview | Estonia has a modern market-based economy with strong ties to the West. It is a WTO and EU member and pegs its currency to the euro. The economy benefits from strong electronics and telecommunications sectors and is greatly influenced by developments in Finland, Sweden, and Germany, three major trading partners. The current account deficit remains high; however, the state budget is essentially in balance, and public debt is low. |
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| GDP | 2% (2005 est.) |
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| GDP - real growth rate | 11.4% (2006 est.) |
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| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 3.4%
industry: 28%
services: 68.6% (2006 est.) |
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| Population below poverty line | 5% (2003) |
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Household income or consumption
by percentage share | lowest 10%: 1.9%
highest 10%: 28.5% (2000) |
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Distribution of family income
- Gini index | 33 (2003) |
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| Labor force | 673,000 (2006 est.) |
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| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture: 11%
industry: 20%
services: 69% (1999 est.) |
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| Unemployment rate | 4.5% (2006) |
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| Budget | revenues: $5.994 billion
expenditures: $5.718 billion; including capital expenditures of $NA (2006 est.) |
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| Industries | engineering, electronics, wood and wood products, textile; information technology, telecommunications |
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| Industrial production growth rate | 8% (2006 est.) |
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Electricity -
production | 9.29 billion kWh (2004) |
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Electricity -
production by source | fossil fuel: 99.8%
hydro: 0.1%
nuclear: 0%
other: 0.2% (2001) |
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Electricity -
consumption | 6.846 billion kWh (2004) |
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Electricity -
exports | 2.141 billion kWh (2004) |
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Electricity -
imports | 347 million kWh (2004) |
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| Oil - production | 6,819 bbl/day (2004 est.) |
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| Oil - consumption | 60,000 bbl/day (2004 est.) |
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| Oil - exports | 0 bbl/day (2001) |
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| Oil - imports | 54,000 bbl/day (2004) |
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| Agriculture - products | potatoes, vegetables; livestock and dairy products; fish |
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| Exports | $9.68 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) |
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| Exports - commodities | machinery and equipment 33%, wood and paper 15%, textiles 14%, food products 8%, furniture 7%, metals, chemical products (2001) |
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| Exports - partners | Finland 26.3%, Sweden 13.2%, Latvia 8.8%, Russia 6.5%, Germany 6.2%, Lithuania 4.6% (2005) |
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| Imports | $12.03 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) |
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| Imports - commodities | machinery and equipment 33.5%, chemical products 11.6%, textiles 10.3%, foodstuffs 9.4%, transportation equipment 8.9% (2001) |
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| Imports - partners | Finland 19.7%, Germany 13.9%, Russia 9.2%, Sweden 8.9%, Lithuania 6%, Latvia 4.7% (2005) |
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| Debt - external | $13.94 billion (30 June 2006 est.) |
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| Economic aid - recipient | $108 million (2000) |
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| Currency code | EEK |
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| Exchange rates | krooni per US dollar - 12.473 (2006), 12.584 (2005), 12.596 (2004), 13.856 (2003), 16.612 (2002)
note: the krooni is pegged to the euro |
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| Fiscal year | calendar year |
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