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| Location | Western Africa, southeast of Algeria | | | Geographic coordinates | 16 00 N, 8 00 E | | | Zone | Africa | | | Area | total: 1.267 million sq km
land: 1,266,700 sq km
water: 300 sq km | | | Land boundaries | total: 5,697 km
border countries: Algeria 956 km, Benin 266 km, Burkina Faso 628 km, Chad 1,175 km, Libya 354 km, Mali 821 km, Nigeria 1,497 km | | | Coastline | 0 km (landlocked) | | | Maritime claims | none (landlocked) | | | Climate | desert; mostly hot, dry, dusty; tropical in extreme south | | | Terrain | predominately desert plains and sand dunes; flat to rolling plains in south; hills in north | | | Elevation extremes | lowest point: Niger River 200 m
highest point: Mont Bagzane 2,022 m | | | Natural resources | uranium, coal, iron ore, tin, phosphates, gold, molybdenum, gypsum, salt, petroleum | | | Irrigated land | 0 km (landlocked) | | | Natural hazards | recurring droughts | | Environment -
current issues | overgrazing; soil erosion; deforestation; desertification; wildlife populations (such as elephant, hippopotamus, giraffe, and lion) threatened because of poaching and habitat destruction | | Environment -
international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea | | | Geography - note | landlocked; one of the hottest countries in the world; northern four-fifths is desert, southern one-fifth is savanna, suitable for livestock and limited agriculture | |
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