| Location | Southern Africa, an enclave of South Africa |
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| Geographic coordinates | 29 30 S, 28 30 E |
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| Zone | Africa |
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| Area | total: 30,355 sq km
land: 30,355 sq km
water: 0 sq km |
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| Land boundaries | total: 909 km
border countries: South Africa 909 km |
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| Coastline | 0 km (landlocked) |
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| Maritime claims | none (landlocked) |
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| Climate | temperate; cool to cold, dry winters; hot, wet summers |
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| Terrain | mostly highland with plateaus, hills, and mountains |
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| Elevation extremes | lowest point: junction of the Orange and Makhaleng Rivers 1,400 m
highest point: Thabana Ntlenyana 3,482 m |
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| Natural resources | water, agricultural and grazing land, diamonds, sand, clay, building stone |
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| Irrigated land | 0 km (landlocked) |
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| Natural hazards | periodic droughts |
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Environment -
current issues | population pressure forcing settlement in marginal areas results in overgrazing, severe soil erosion, and soil exhaustion; desertification; Highlands Water Project controls, stores, and redirects water to South Africa |
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Environment -
international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
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| Geography - note | landlocked, completely surrounded by South Africa; mountainous, more than 80% of the country is 1,800 meters above sea level |
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